public class ProfileTest2 {

  static int numTrials;      // The number of trials to use in averaging.
  static int size;           // Data (array) size.
  static int[] data;         // The data.
  static int[] max;          // Store partial maximums.


  // findMax now returns the stored value.

  static int findMax (int limit)
  {
    return max[limit];
  }


  // For sake of comparison, we'll leave this in its original inefficient form.

  static double findSum (int limit)
  {
    double sum = 0;
    for (int i=0; i<limit; i++)
      sum += data[i];
    return sum;
  }


  static void estimateMax()
  {
    // 1. First find partial maximums.
    max = new int [data.length];

    for (int k=0; k<max.length; k++) {

      max[0] = data[0];
      int m = data[0];

      // 1.1 Find the partial maximum for each value of k.
      for (int i=1; i<=k; i++)
        if (data[i] > m)
          m = data[i];

      // 1.2 Store as k-th partial maximum.
      max[k] = m;
    }

    // 2. Now estimate.
    double total = 0;

    // 3. Repeat numTrials times.
    for (int n=0; n<numTrials; n++) {
      // 3.1 Pick a sub-array randomly.
      int limit = (int) UniformRandom.uniform (0, size-1);
      // 3.2 Compute partial max.
      int value = findMax (limit);
      // 3.3 Accumulate.
      total += value;
    }

    // 4. Compute average.
    double avg = (double) total / (double) numTrials;

    // 5. Output.
    System.out.println ("Estimate of maximum=" + avg);
  }

  static void estimateSum()
  {
    // 1. Maintain total.
    double total = 0;

    // 2. Repeat numTrials times.
    for (int n=0; n<numTrials; n++) {

      // 2.1 Pick a sub-array randomly.
      int limit = (int) UniformRandom.uniform (0, size-1);

      // 2.2 Compute partial sum.
      double value = findSum (limit);

      // 2.3 Accumulate.
      total += value;
    }

    // 3. Compute average.
    double avg = (double) total / (double) numTrials;

    // 4. Output.
    System.out.println ("Estimate of sum=" + avg);
  }

  static void createData ()
  {
    // Draw the data randomly between 0 and "size":
    data = new int [size];
    for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
      data[i] = (int) UniformRandom.uniform (1, size);
  }

  public static void main (String[] argv)
  {
    try {
      // Command-line arguments contain the array size and number of trials.
      if ( (argv == null) || (argv.length != 2) ) {
        System.out.println ("Usage: java ProfileTest <array-size> <num-trials>");
        System.exit(1);
      }

      // Obtain the size of the data.
      size = Integer.parseInt (argv[0].trim());

      // Obtain the number of trials used in averaging.
      numTrials = Integer.parseInt (argv[1].trim());

      // Create random data.
      createData ();

      // Estimate the average partial-maximum.
      estimateMax ();

      // Estimate the average partial-sum.
      estimateSum ();
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}