import numpy as np p = np.random.random() def unfair_flip(p=p): if np.random.random() > p: return "Heads" return "Tails" def fair_flip(): if np.random.random() > 0.5: return "Heads" return "Tails" def known_unfair_flip(): if np.random.random() > 0.76: return "Heads" return "Tails"